About The Taiwanese Territory
Discover Taiwan
Taiwan is often thought of as a single island, but it encompasses dozens of small islands. The primary island, also named Taiwan, is covered in mountainous and heavily forested terrain, boasting nearly 300 individual peaks. The highest mountain is Yushan (Jade Mountain), standing at 3,952 meters above sea level.
The Majestic Mountains
The mountainous terrain results from the island's location on a fault line between two tectonic plates, formed primarily 4 to 5 million years ago. The mountains dominate the island's center and East coast, leaving the rest of the island relatively low-lying.
Population Distribution
The low-lying areas host the majority of Taiwan's population, providing a striking contrast to the rugged mountains. This diverse geography offers a unique blend of natural beauty and bustling human activity.
Taiwan's Unique Weather Patterns
Taiwan's weather is fascinating. Despite its small size of 36,193 square kilometers, it has an extensive coastline of 1,139 kilometers. The island experiences a wide range of temperatures and weather due to its location 180 km east of any significant landmass and being bisected by the Tropic of Cancer.
Climate Zones
The northern and central parts of Taiwan experience subtropical weather, with moderate temperatures but higher rainfall, especially in winter. The southern regions have much higher temperatures and significantly less rainfall, creating diverse climate zones within a small area.
Impact of the East Asian Monsoon
The East Asian Monsoon heavily impacts Taiwan's climate. This air flow carries moist air from the Indian and Pacific Oceans to Eastern Asia, affecting over a third of the global population, including regions like Japan, Korea, Hong Kong, Macau, the Philippines, Indochina, and mainland China.
Seasonal Weather Patterns
During winter (November to March), southeasterly winds bring high rainfall levels to Taiwan's northeast, leaving the rest of the island relatively dry and sunny. The Summer Monsoon, beginning in May, accounts for about 90% of the total rainfall in the southern region. Taiwan's average annual rainfall is roughly 2,600 mm, influenced significantly by these monsoon patterns.
Taiwan's Diverse Geography
Taiwan's geography is diverse and has been significantly influenced by human settlement and expansion. Before human intervention, the island boasted a range of vegetation, from tropical rainforests in low-lying areas to temperate and boreal forests, and alpine plants at higher altitudes. This diverse ecosystem has undergone considerable change due to human activities.
Impact of Human Expansion
The 17th and 18th centuries saw extensive agricultural development in the western and northern regions, driven by Chinese migrants. These activities cleared most low-lying hills for farming. Industrialization further impacted local flora and fauna. Many endemic species and subspecies in the mountainous regions became extinct or critically endangered.
National Parks and Conservation
In response to ecological destruction, Taiwan established nine national parks to preserve its unique flora and fauna. Kenting National Park, the oldest, was established on January 1, 1984, and is located in the southernmost part of the island. In 2016, it hosted nearly six million visitors. Known for its uplifted coral reefs, tropical forests, and marine ecosystems, the park is home to 15 species of mammals, 310 bird varieties, over 200 butterfly species, and nearly 60 reptiles and amphibians.
The Eluanbi Lighthouse
One of Kenting's notable landmarks is the Eluanbi Lighthouse. Completed in 1883 after several shipwrecks in the 1860s, this fortified lighthouse stands at 21 meters. It flashes every 10 seconds with a visibility range of over 50 kilometers.
Natural Resources and Preservation
Taiwan once had abundant natural resources, including gold, copper, natural gas, marble, and limestone. However, these resources have been virtually depleted due to extensive human activity. Thanks to preservation initiatives and environmental regulations, the island's forestry resources are slowly recovering. Currently, remaining forests are protected from timber production due to high costs and regulatory measures.
Preserving Taiwan's Unique Biodiversity
Taiwan's efforts to protect its biodiversity have led to the establishment of nine national parks across the island. These parks showcase the region's unique flora and fauna, providing a refuge for species that have become critically endangered due to industrialization. Conservation efforts are crucial in maintaining the island's natural heritage and ensuring future generations can enjoy its beauty.
Modern Conservation Efforts
Modern conservation efforts in Taiwan focus on sustainable practices and the restoration of natural habitats. These initiatives aim to balance the needs of a growing population with the preservation of the island's unique ecological systems. Through continued dedication to environmental protection, Taiwan hopes to restore its natural resources and protect its diverse wildlife.
Best Time to Visit Taiwan
Determining the best time to visit Taiwan can be tricky and unpredictable. Summer, traditionally a popular time for travel, can be uncomfortably hot for tourists. Many people prefer to visit during autumn and spring when the weather is more moderate. It's important to note that Taiwan has a typhoon season in late summer, so travelers should plan accordingly.
Chinese New Year Considerations
While visiting during the Chinese New Year celebrations might sound tempting, it's important to remember that prices across the island will skyrocket. Chinese New Year is a significant celebration in Taiwanese culture, and many businesses and services shut down during the holiday period. This could impact your travel experience if you're not prepared.
Packing for Your Trip
If you're wondering what clothes to pack for your trip to Taiwan, bring a mix of light and medium-weight clothing along with rain gear. Due to the strict nature of some Buddhist temples, avoid wearing revealing clothing. Lightweight pants and a shirt are acceptable for both sexes. Even if you're not an avid walker, pack a pair of sturdy walking shoes. Taiwan offers amazing walking trails, and many national attractions and parks have shorter trails worth exploring.
Exploring Taiwan's Trails and Attractions
Taiwan's diverse landscape offers a variety of hiking and walking trails suitable for all levels of experience. From the stunning peaks of Yushan to the scenic coastal paths, there’s something for everyone. The island's national parks, such as Taroko Gorge and Alishan, provide breathtaking views and unique flora and fauna. These trails are well-maintained and offer an opportunity to experience Taiwan's natural beauty up close.
Cultural and Historical Sites
In addition to natural attractions, Taiwan boasts a rich cultural heritage. The island is home to numerous temples, museums, and historical sites. Taipei 101, once the tallest building in the world, offers panoramic views of the city. The National Palace Museum houses one of the largest collections of Chinese art and artifacts. Visiting these sites provides insight into Taiwan's history and cultural significance.
Local Cuisine and Markets
No visit to Taiwan is complete without experiencing its vibrant food scene. Night markets are a staple of Taiwanese culture, offering a variety of street food that tantalizes the taste buds. From the famous stinky tofu to bubble tea, these markets provide an authentic taste of Taiwan. Be sure to explore markets like Shilin Night Market in Taipei and Liuhe Night Market in Kaohsiung for a culinary adventure.
Discover The True Taiwan
Travelers to Taiwan should be aware of local customs and etiquette. Respect for elders and politeness are highly valued in Taiwanese culture. Learning a few basic Mandarin phrases can go a long way in enhancing your travel experience. Public transportation in Taiwan is efficient and affordable, making it easy to explore the island. Whether you're visiting bustling cities or tranquil countryside, Taiwan offers a unique and memorable travel experience.